Pump or motor construction



May 12, 1936. L.'M. PERSONS 2,040,401

PUMP OR MOTOR CONSTRUCTION Filed Oct. 9, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet l May 12, 1936.

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6 i I W I i 47mm jaw ewe fix. femmi when 5! flaw QM Mwh flaw/4w Patented May 12, 1936- UNITED STATES PUMP OR MOTOR CONSTRUCTION Lawrence M. Persons, Des Moines, Iowa, assignmto Penn Electric Switch 00., Des Moines, Iowa,

a corporation of Iowa Application October 9, 1933, Serial No. 692,805

3 Claims. (Cl. 103-174) An object of my invention is to provide a device which can be used either as a pump or a motor, yet which is of simple, durable and inexpensive construction.

Another objejct is to provide a pump or motor construction of improved design over my copending application, Serial No. 631,892, filed September 6, 1932, of which the present application is a continuation in part.

A further object is to provide a pump or motor construction in which radially arranged cylinders have pistons therein with their heads toward each other and a crank shaft is journalledamong the cylinders and has connecting rod means of connection with pins which extend laterally from the outer ends of the pistons, the cylinders being slotted for said pins.

A further object is to provide radially arranged cylinders which are offset from radial lines so that where the heads of the cylinders come together, a minimum of space can be provided so that there is a minimum travel of pumped or operating fluid from a valve in said space.

A further object is to provide the crank shaft journalled in such space and constituting a rotary valve for the control of pumped or operating fluid to and from the cylinders of the device.

Still another object is to provide a pump for compressing air, for instance, which is extremely quiet in operation and has a minimum number of working parts.

With these and other objects in view my invention consists in the construction, arrangement and combination of the various parts of my device, whereby the objects contemplated are attained. as hereinafter more fully set forth, pointed out in my claims, and illustrated in the accompany-. ing drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a sectional view through a pump or motor construction embodying my invention,

such as shown in my copending application hereinbefore referred to.

Figure 2 is a sectional plan view on the line 22 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view on the line 3.3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a front elevation of my improved form of pump or motor construction, a part of the casing being broken away to better illustrate the construction of the pump.

Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view on the line 5-5 of Figure 4.

Figure 6 is a sectional view on the line 6-4 of Figure 5 showing the parts on a reduced scale.

Figure 7 is a sectional view on the line 1-1 of Figiure 5 showing the parts on an enlarged scale; an a Figure 8 is a perspective view of a crank shaft used in my piunp or motor construction. On the accompanying drawings, I have used the reference numeral It to indicate generally a motor casing for enclosing an electric motor, such as shown in my copending application. This casing forms no part of my present invention except that it has a crank shaft bore l2 and cylinder bores ll.

Each cylinder bore II has therein a piston l6 and each piston has a laterally extending wrist pin l8. Each cylinder bore is provided with a slot 20. The slots are provided for the pins I8, as clearly shown in Figure 3.

A crank shaft 22 is journalled in the crank shaft bore l2 and is provided with a crank disk 24. A crank pin 26 extends from the crank disk 24. A pair of spaced washers 28 is journalled on the crank pin 26.

A master connecting rod 30 is secured rigidly to the washers 28 by riveting or the like, while secondary connecting rods 32 are freely pivoted thereto. The outer ends of the connecting rods 30 and 32 are pivoted to the wrist pins l8.

It will be obvious that rotation of the crank shaft 22 will reciprocate the pistons I6, or that compressed'air, oil under pressure or the like introduced into the cylinders M to cause the pistons Hi to reciprocate will rotate the crank shaft 22.

For controlling the flow of compressed air, oil under pressure or the like to and from the cylinders M, I provide for each cylinder head a port 34. Depressions 36 and 38 are milled into the crank shaft 22 for providing timed communication between the oil in a storage compartment 40, the cylinders l4 and an outlet compartment 42.

In the position shown in Figure 1, oil is entering the left hand cylinder l4 and leaving the right hand cylinder by way of a countersunk portion 44. The construction in Figure 1 is thus used as a pump for pumping oil from the storage compartment 40 to the compartment l2 from which it flows, as described in my copending application, .into the operating cylinder of a valve. The pump of course can be used for other purposes however and can be used as a motor by introducing oil under pressure, compressed air or the like into either the compartment 40 or 42.

The foregoing description is of a very small pump having cylinders one quarter inch in diameter for instance. The pump can be made on any scale however and Figures-1 to 8 inclusive .show the construction applied on a larger scale.

' ating pump ormotor. Instead of .being solid, the

pistons lia are hollow to reduce weight and are provided with piston rings I! to prevent undesired leakage.

The master connecting rod 30a has an extension 3| surrounding the crank pin 2641, thus positively preventing any rotation of the washers 28a independent of the master connecting rod 30a.

The intake port 36a of the crank shaft 22a com- 7 municates with an annular groove 31 with which a port 39 communicates. The outer end of the port 39 communicates with the interior of a casing member 4| which encloses the pump or motor and which is adapted to contain oil so that the device will at all times be effectively lubricated, the easing being carried approximately one fourth full of oil. AportSSa in the casing 4| admits air to the port.

The outlet port 38a communicates with a counter bore 43 of a hub 45 on the base plate 7 to interfere with each other.

10a. An outlet pipe 41 communicates with the counter bore and compressed air or the like is pumped out through this pipe. A packing gland 49 is provided to prevent leakage around, the crank shaft 22a.

The ports 36a and 38a, it will be noted, extend at an angle through the crank shaft was not The cylinders, as shown in Figure 6, are offset from radial lines so that there is a minimum of space among them for the combined crank shaft and valve. This is an important feature, as in compressing air it is desirable that the head space he at a minimum in order to get maximum compression.

The particular arrangement of cylinders with their heads toward each other and having slots for laterally extending wrist pins is a novel and satisfactory construction where too great a pressure on the parts is not required. The particular arrangement of elements relative to each other provides an inexpensive construction yet one which operates efllciently.

Some changes may be made in the construction and arrangement of the parts oi my device without departing from the real spirit and purpose of my invention, and it is my intention to cover by my claims, any modifled forms of structure oruse of mechanical equivalents, which may be reasonably included within their scope.

I claim as my invention: &

1. In a device of the class described, a casing having an air inlet, a plurality of radiating cylinders therein having heads adjacent each other, a piston in each cylinder, each cylinder having a slot in the side thereof, each piston having a pin extending through each slot, a crank shaft, a hub therefor mounted on said casing and connecting rods connecting said pins with said crank shaft, said crankshaft having ports for controlling the flow of fluid through said inlet to said cylinders and from said cylinders through said hub.

i 2. In a device of the class described, a casing, a plurality of radiating cylinders therein having heads adjacent each-other, a piston in each cylinder, each cylinder having a slot in the side thereof, each piston having a pin extending through each slot, a crank shaft, a hub therefor mounted on said casing-said casing and hub having passageways, one an intake passageway and the other an outlet passageway, and connecting rods connecting said pins with said crank shaft, said crank shaft having ports for controlling the flow of fluid through said-inlet passageway to said cylinders and from said cylinders through said outlet passageway.

3. In a device of the class described, a plurality of radiating cylinders having heads adjacent each other, a piston in each cylinder,xeach cylinder having a slot in the side thereof, each piston having a pin extending through each slot, a crank shaft, a hub connected with said cylinders, said hub having inlet and outlet passagewaysand connecting rods connecting said pins with said crank shaft, said crank shaft having ports for controlling the flow of fluid through said inlet passageway to said cylinders and from said cylinders through said outlet passageway.

LAWRENCE M. PERSONS. 

